Iritis - Acute
Rahul Soman, M. Pharm
Definition
Inflammation of the uveal layer of the anterior chamber of the eye. Sometimes the terms iritis and uveitis are used interchangeably; however, uveitis is a broader term referring to inflammation in the eye (anterior chamber, intermediate, posterior chamber, or panuveitis). More correctly, iritis is the same as acute anterior chamber uveitis . Chronic iritis is the result of recurring episodes of acute iritis.
Medical History
* Injury of globe of eye
* Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
* Behcet's syndrome
* Genetic predisposition
* Viral disease
* Bacterial infectious disease
Findings
* Decreased intraocular pressure
* Fluorescein staining of cornea
* Light intolerance
* Pain of eye structure
* Raised intraocular pressure
* Anterior chamber finding
* Blurred vision
* Excessive tear production
* Limbal injection
* Miosis
* Reduced visual acuity
Tests
Suspected and known iritis
* Ocular slit lamp examination: Translucence of the aqueous humor (aqueous flare) and the presence of white blood cells in the anterior chamber are the sine qua non of iritis .
Differential Diagnosis
* Glaucoma - Acute
* Corneal abrasion - Acute
* Keratitis
* Conjunctivitis
* Episcleritis
* Retinoblastoma
* Leukemia
* Malignant lymphoma of the eye region
* Retinitis pigmentosa
Treatment
Drug Therapy
Pain secondary to iritis
HOMATROPINE HYDROBROMIDE
Adults: Instill 1 drop of 2% or 5% solution in affected eye
CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: Instill 1 drop of 1% or 2% solution in affected eye
ACETAMINOPHEN/CODEINE PHOSPHATE
Adults: Codeine 15 to 60 mg/acetaminophen 325 to 1,000 mg orally every 4 hours as needed (maximum 360 mg codeine and 4 g acetaminophen/day)
Pediatrics (3-6 years): 5 mL (12 mg codeine/120 mg acetaminophen per 5 mL) orally every 6 to 8 hours as needed
Pediatrics (7-12 years): 10 mL (12 mg codeine/120 mg acetaminophen per 5 mL) orally every 6 to 8 hours as needed
HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE/ACETAMINOPHEN
Adults: Hydrocodone 5 to 20 mg/acetaminophen 325 to 1,000 mg orally every 4 hours as needed (maximum 4 g acetaminophen/day)
Pediatrics (2-13 years): 0.27 mL/kg (0.135 mg/kg hydrocodone and 9 mg/kg acetaminophen) orally every 4 hours as needed (maximum 6 doses/day)
No comments:
Post a Comment