Hypertension - Chronic
Rahul Soman, M. Pharm
Definition
An untreated systolic blood pressure (BP) of 140 mmHg or higher or a diastolic BP of 90 mmHg or higher, taking antihypertensive medications, or being told at least twice by a physician or other health professional that you have high blood pressure
Medical History
* Family history of Hypertension
* Family history of Diabetes mellitus
* Diabetes mellitus [Diabetes mellitus - Chronic]
* Obesity [Obesity - Chronic]
* Dietary sodium - high
* Lack of exercise
* Smoking
* Alcohol Abuse
Findings
* Increased blood pressure
Tests
Initial testing prior to initiating hypertensive therapy to obtain baseline values and screen for secondary causes
* 12 lead ECG
* Urinalysis
* Plasma fasting glucose measurement
* Hematocrit determination
* Serum potassium measurement
* Creatinine measurement, serum
* Serum calcium measurement
* Fasting lipid profile
Differential Diagnosis
* Essential hypertension
* Labile hypertension
* Secondary hypertension
* Chronic renal failure - Chronic
* Renovascular hypertension
* Cushing's syndrome
* Hypertension secondary to drug
* Pheochromocytoma - Acute
* Primary aldosteronism
* Sleep apnea
* Hyperparathyroidism
* Hyperthyroidism - Chronic
* Hypothyroidism - Chronic
* Coarctation of aorta
Treatment
Drug Therapy
Thiazide diuretics
CHLOROTHIAZIDE
Adults: 125 to 500 mg orally once or in 2 divided doses daily
CHLORTHALIDONE
Adults: 12.5 to 25 mg (generic) orally once daily
HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE
Adults: 12.5 to 50 mg orally once daily
POLYTHIAZIDE
Adults: 2 to 4 mg orally once daily
INDAPAMIDE
Adults: initial dose 1.25 mg orally daily; titrate every 4 weeks to desired effect; maintenance dose 2.5 to 5 mg daily
METOLAZONE
Adults: 0.5 to 1 mg (Mykrox) orally once daily
Loop diuretics
BUMETANIDE
Adults: 0.5 to 2 mg orally in 2 divided doses daily
FUROSEMIDE
Adults: 20 to 80 mg orally in 2 divided doses daily
TORSEMIDE
Adults: 2.5 to 10 mg orally once daily
Potassium-sparing diuretics
AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 5 to 10 mg orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
TRIAMTERENE
Adults: 50 to 100 mg orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
ACE inhibitor
BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 10 to 40 mg orally once daily
CAPTOPRIL
Adults: 25 to 100 mg orally in divided doses twice daily
ENALAPRIL MALEATE
Adults: 5 to 40 mg orally once daily or in divided doses twice daily
FOSINOPRIL SODIUM
Adults: 10 to 40 mg orally once daily
LISINOPRIL
Adults: 10 to 40 mg orally once daily
MOEXIPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 7.5 to 30 mg orally once daily
PERINDOPRIL ERBUMINE
Adults: 4 to 8 mg orally once daily
QUINAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 10 to 80 mg orally once daily
RAMIPRIL
Adults: 2.5 to 20 mg orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
TRANDOLAPRIL
Adults: 1 to 4 mg orally once daily
Aldosterone receptor blocker
EPLERENONE
Adults: 50 to 100 mg orally once daily
SPIRONOLACTONE
Adults: 25 to 50 mg orally once daily
Beta blocker
ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 200 to 800 mg orally in divided doses twice daily
ATENOLOL
Adults: 25 to 100 mg orally once daily
BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 5 to 20 mg orally once daily
BISOPROLOL FUMARATE
Adults: 2.5 to 10 mg orally once daily
METOPROLOL TARTRATE
Adults: initial dose 100 mg orally daily in single or divided doses taken with or immediately following meals; increase dose weekly until optimal blood pressure reduction is achieved; effective dosage range 100 to 450 mg orally daily
NADOLOL
Adults: 40 to 120 mg orally once daily
PENBUTOLOL SULFATE
Adults: 10 to 40 mg orally once daily
PINDOLOL
Adults: 10 to 40 mg orally in 2 divided doses daily
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 60 to 180 mg (sustained-release) orally once daily
TIMOLOL
Adults: initial dose 10 mg orally twice daily; titrate to desired effect based on heart rate and blood pressure response; allow at least 7 days between dose increases; maintenance dose 20 to 40 mg daily in 2 divided doses; maximum daily dose 60 mg in 2 divided doses
Nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 120 to 540 mg (sustained release) orally once daily
VERAPAMIL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 120 to 480 mg (sustained release) orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
AMLODIPINE BESYLATE
Adults: 2.5 to 10 mg orally once daily
FELODIPINE
Adults: 2.5 to 20 mg orally once daily
ISRADIPINE
Adults: 2.5 to 10 mg orally in 2 divided doses daily
NICARDIPINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 60 to 120 mg (Cardene SR) orally in 2 divided doses daily
Alpha-blocker
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE
Adults: 1 to 16 mg orally once daily
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 2 to 20 mg orally in 2 or 3 divided doses daily
TERAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 1 to 20 mg orally daily in 1 or 2 divided doses
Combined alpha-blocker and beta-blocker
CARVEDILOL (Related toxicological information in CARVEDILOL)
Adults: 12.5 to 50 mg orally divided into 2 doses daily
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 200 to 800 mg orally daily in 2 divided doses
Angiotensin II receptor blocker/antagonist
CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL
Adults: 8 to 32 mg orally once daily
EPROSARTAN MESYLATE
Adults: 400 to 800 mg orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
IRBESARTAN
Adults: 150 to 300 mg orally once daily
LOSARTAN POTASSIUM
Adults: 25 to 100 mg orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL
Adults: 20 to 40 mg orally once daily
TELMISARTAN
Adults: 20 to 80 mg orally once daily
VALSARTAN
Adults: 80 to 320 mg orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
Central alpha-2 agonist or other centrally-acting agent
CLONIDINE
Adults: 0.1 to 0.8 mg tablet orally in 2 divided doses daily OR 0.1 to 0.3 mg patch transdermally once weekly
METHYLDOPA \
Adults: initial dose 250 mg orally 2 to 3 times daily in the first 48 hours; titrate at intervals of at least 2 days; maintenance dose 500 to 2000 mg daily in 2 to 4 divided doses; maximum daily dose 3000 mg in divided doses
RESERPINE
Adults: 0.1 to 0.25 mg orally once daily
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 0.5 to 2 mg orally once daily
Direct vasodilator
HYDRALAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Adults: 50 to 100 mg orally in 2 divided doses daily
MINOXIDIL
Adults: 2.5 to 80 mg orally in 1 or 2 divided doses daily
Non-Procedural Therapy
Hypertension
* Lifestyle measures
Bestttttttttttt
ReplyDeleteAcebutolol Hydrochloride - Pharma Info Source - No 1 source for chemicals, surplus Materials and other Pharma services,start your search from 10000+suppliers.
ReplyDeleteI''m Charlotte Johnson,65 years old, Here in Edmonton, Canada. With the new herbal mix medicine I purchased from Dr James herbal mix medicine West Africa was my only way to get rid of my Alzheimer's, the herbal mix medicine effectively reversed my condition and alleviate all symptoms. I was initially very hesitant to discuss my Alzheimer but I just hope it can still help someone. I feel this will be very important information for all Alzheimer patients, because the most violent element in society today is ignorance. Be it any condition, a healthy diet and natural herbs and roots medicine from Dr. James is the road to fast recovery. I had suffered Alzheimer for many years, I fought for proper medical recommendation, care and all form of humane treatment with little improvement I went through many sleepless nights and periods of intense grief, as do most families. I was recommended by a friend to use Dr. James herbal mix medicine for my Alzheimer with high hope and assurance. I never doubted my friend but to contact Dr. James. And purchased His herbal mix medicine which was effective and I finally feel my Alzheimer is gone with no more symptoms. He also told me that he cures diseases such as Lungs diseases, kidney diseases, Warts, Bipolar disorder, Shingles, HPV, ALS, CANCER, NEPHROTIC SYNDROME, HIV / AIDS, Herpes virus, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic cancers, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, Glaucoma., Cataracts, Macular degeneration, Cardiovascular disease, Autism. Enlarged prostate, Osteoporosis. Alzheimer's disease, psoriasis, Tach Diseases, Lupus, Backache, dementia, skin cancer,.testicular Cancer, Leukemia, HEPATITIS A, B, C, Contact the great one on his email greatcureman@gmail.com
ReplyDeleteInfo @ drjamesherbalmix@gmail.com